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Nutrition in Clinical Practice
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Invited Review

Nutrition Support in Adult Trauma Patients

S. Rob Todd, MD, FACS*, Rosemary A. Kozar, MD, PhD, FACS{dagger} and Frederick A. Moore, MD, FACS*

* Acute Care Surgery, The Methodist Hospital-Houston/Weill Medical College of Cornell University; and{dagger} Acute Care Surgery, The University of Texas Medical School–Houston, Houston, Texas

Correspondence: S. Rob Todd, MD, FACS, Acute Care Surgery, The Methodist Hospital-Houston/Weill Medical College of Cornell University, 6550 Fannin Street, Smith Tower 1661, Houston, TX 77030. Electronic mail may be sent to srtodd{at}tmh.tmc.edu.

Nutrition supplementation is paramount to the care of severely injured patients. Despite its widespread use in trauma patients, many areas of clinical practice remain controversial. The purpose of this paper is to critically review the literature studying the use of enteral vs parenteral nutrition (PN) and to provide the rationale for early enteral nutrition. Additional controversies confronting clinicians are reviewed, including the use of immune-enhancing agents and the optimal site for enteral nutrition delivery (gastric vs small intestinal). Evidence-based recommendations for clinical practice are presented when available.

Nutrition in Clinical Practice, Vol. 21, No. 5, 421-429 (2006)
DOI: 10.1177/0115426506021005421
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