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Nutrition in Clinical Practice
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Invited Review

Vitamin D and Its Role in Cancer and Immunity: A Prescription for Sunlight

Gerard E. Mullin, MD, MHS, FACP, CNSP, FACN, AGAF* and Adrian Dobs, MD, MHS

* Integrative GI Nutrition Services, Capsule Endoscopy, Division of Gastroenterology and Liver Disease, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland

Correspondence: Gerard E. Mullin, MD, MHS, FACP, CNSP, FACN, AGAF, Director of Integrative GI Nutrition Services, Johns Hopkins Hospital, 600 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205. Electronic mail may be sent to gmullin1{at}jhmi.edu.

Vitamin D has been recognized for more than a century as essential for the normal development and mineralization of a healthy skeleton. More extensive roles for vitamin D were suggested by the discovery of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) in tissues that are not involved in calcium and phosphate metabolism. VDR has been discovered in most tissues and cells in the body and is able to elicit a wide variety of biologic responses. These observations have been the impetus for a reevaluation of the physiologic and pharmacologic actions of vitamin D. Here, we review the role of vitamin D in regulation of the immune system and its possible role in the prevention and treatment of cancer and immune-mediated diseases.

Nutrition in Clinical Practice, Vol. 22, No. 3, 305-322 (2007)
DOI: 10.1177/0115426507022003305
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