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Correlation of Cholestasis With Serum Copper and Whole-Blood Manganese Levels in Pediatric Patients

From Primary Children's Medical Center, Salt Lake City, Utah.

Correspondence: Address correspondence to: Nancy B. McMillan, Primary Children's Medical Center, 3955 West Old Hwy Road, Morgan, UT 84050; e-mail: nancy.mcmillan{at}intermountainmail.org.

Many institutions reduce or eliminate copper (Cu) and manganese (Mn) in parenteral nutrition (PN) solutions when cholestasis develops. Little data exist to support this practice. Fifty-four subjects with known serum Cu, whole-blood Mn, and serum-conjugated bilirubin levels were evaluated in this prospective, observational study. Subjects ranged in weight from 760 g to 65.2 kg. Subjects weighing <25 kg received a daily parenteral dose of 20 µg/kg Cu and 5 µg/kg Mn. Subjects weighing 25 kg received a dose of 500 µg/d Cu and 150 µg/d Mn. Cholestasis was defined as a conjugated bilirubin level 2 mg/dL. Of the 54 subjects, 20 had cholestasis. Fifteen patients had elevated Cu levels, and 21 had high Mn levels. Seven of the subjects had both high Cu and high Mn levels. The regression model comparing cholestasis as a predictor of high, low, or normal Cu level was not significant (P = .9588). Cholestasis was not a significant predictor of high, low, or normal Mn levels (P = .6533). No correlation between Cu and Mn levels was found. The authors found no significant relationship between conjugated serum bilirubin levels 2.0 mg/dL, serum Cu, and whole-blood Mn levels. They found insufficient evidence to support the practice of dosing Mn from a Cu level or vice versa. They recommend obtaining Cu and Mn levels on all pediatric patients who develop cholestasis prior to adjusting parenteral doses and at regular intervals for all long-term PN patients.

Key Words: copper • manganese • cholestasis • pediatric • parenteral nutrition

Nutrition in Clinical Practice, Vol. 23, No. 2, 161-165 (2008)
DOI: 10.1177/0884533608314529


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